Disease Control

“Of 301 avian reovirus isolates from Pennsylvania broiler and turkey flocks (2011–2014), 78% of the 114 sequenced strains fell into genotype clusters distinct from the S1133, 1733 and 2048 vaccine strains — including a brand-new cluster 6 — helping explain why vaccinated flocks still saw 20–40% morbidity, up to 10% mortality, arthritis/tenosynovitis and stunting. Existing commercial vaccines likely offer poor protection against these variants, so autogenous or updated vaccines should be considered.”

“No soybean variety tested in Pennsylvania was immune to soybean vein necrosis virus, and the variety Channel3917R2x attracted the most thrips, making it the preferred host. Thrips feeding alone, and especially combined with virus infection, cut soybean growth and photosynthetic performance and altered seed protein, oil, fiber, and carbohydrate content.”

“Sequencing 72 avian reovirus isolates from Pennsylvania broiler flocks (2017-2022) found six genetically distinct genotype clusters circulating, with genotype V most common (33%) and amino acid identity to the commercial vaccine strains (1133, 1733, 2408, 2177) as low as 45%. Current vaccines are poorly matched to most field variants, so ongoing genotyping and autogenous/updated vaccine strategies are needed for reovirus control in broilers.”

“Intensified dust storm activity and Valley fever infection in the southwestern United States.”

“Modeling Routes of Chronic Wasting Disease Transmission: Environmental Prion Persistence Promotes Deer Population Decline and Extinction.”

“FLEA CONTROL ON PRAIRIE DOGS (CYNOMYS SPP.) WITH FIPRONIL BAIT PELLETS: POTENTIAL PLAGUE MITIGATION TOOL FOR RAPID FIELD APPLICATION AND WILDLIFE CONSERVATION.”

“Local factors associated with onhost flea distributions on prairie dog colonies.”

“Molecular Characterization and Identification of Stubby Root Nematode Species from Multiple States in the United States.”

“Valley Fever (Coccidioidomycosis) Awareness—California, 2016–2017.”

“Assessing the impact of manure application in commercial swine farms on the transmission of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella in the environment.”

“Local impact of temperature and precipitation on West Nile virus infection in Culex species mosquitoes in northeast Illinois, USA.”

“Cadmium exposure and endometrial cancer risk: A large midwestern U.S. population-based case-control study.”

“Registration of ‘Sierra’ Chickpea.”

“Environmental Persistence of Monkeypox Virus on Surfaces in Household of Person with Travel-Associated Infection, Dallas, Texas, USA, 2021.”

“In HLB-infected 'Ray Ruby' grapefruit in Florida, packing 975 trees/ha instead of 300 cut canopy volume per tree by 33% but raised fruit yield per hectare 160% and solids yield 190%, with slightly more acidic, higher-soluble-solids fruit. Controlled-release fertilizer blends with extra micronutrients and less potassium grew bigger canopies but did not improve yield — in fact yield per hectare dropped 24% in the first season — so micronutrient-boosted CRF is not a reliable fix for HLB in grapefruit.”

“In HLB-infected 'Ray Ruby' grapefruit, planting at 975 trees/ha (double-row high density) gave the highest fruit and solids yield per hectare despite smaller trees and lower yield per tree, with slightly more acidic, higher-soluble-solids fruit. Extra soil or foliar B/Mn/Zn (up to 6x recommended rates) raised leaf nutrient levels but did not improve yield or reduce bacterial titer — foliar micronutrients actually coincided with lower yield and photosynthesis in one year.”